I recently reloaded some 30-06 rounds with Nosler custom brass, 125gr NBT, & 52 grains of REL 17. In hindsight I did not seat the bullets to the minimum of .308 inthe case. I was trting to reach my lands. Ended up only .25 into case. All the brass has soot on the outside of the case indicating not enough pressure to seat the case in the chamber. Not a ruptured primer. Is this all because of my seating?
There is no "minimum" that a bullet must be seated into the neck of a case and I don't think that is the source of your problem. The condition you're describing is usually caused by too light of a powder charge, under a light-for-caliber bullet. I use to see it a lot when fire-forming cases, before I started using heavier bullets. Alliant's website shows 58gr as a maximum charge of RL-17, but that was under a 150gr bullet, so I'm guessing that as your powder charge comes up (regardless of seating depth) you'll see less soot on the case.
Personally, I think RL-17 is slower than you'll want for the '06 and a 125gr bullet. I'd go with RL-15 or RL-12, if you prefer that brand of powder. If you've got some 4895 on the shelf, it would be even better, imho.
Seating the bullet deeper WILL increase pressure, possibly sealing the case to the chamber better, before the bullet has exited the neck, so you may find that helps, but based on the Alliant website info, you're using a powder charge below recommended minimum, and/or too slow.
Hope this helps.