Velocity never prevents expansion; it accelerates it. High velocity will sometimes cause too rapid expansion (around here we call it "splashing" the bullet") but it will never result in failure to expand. Too much expansion can be just as disastrous as too little.
All my experience with .30 cal. bullets is from a .300 Win., and from watching others use various .30 cal cartridges over the years.
The Partition is the bullet against which all others are measured. It is very, very reliable; the front half expands and often is wiped away and the bottom continues to penetrate. However, I think that, for deer, it is unnecessarily tough. I have come to believe I have had more and longer tracking sessions with Partitions on deer than with some other types, to the point where I actually avoid using the Partition on deer and smaller game unless the cartridge is on the "small" side. I still load Partitions for two .243 Win as a deer load, for example.
I want a bigger exit hole than I often get from the relatively small caliber of the unexpanded rear half of a Partition, so I get better blood trails, especially if there is no snow.
I am now experimenting with Accubonds. With not enough data to be totally convinced yet, it seems like they are a more appropriate bullet for deer sized game because they seem to expand to larger diameter without losing much mass. Ballistic Tips expand very quickly and are devastating on deer, but penetration is limited. I have several Ballistic Tips recovered from deer; I have no Partitions. I am looking for more expansion than a Partition, less expansion than a Ballistic Tip, and I think the Accubond may be it, although I expect that with the explosion of new bullet technology in the last few years, there may be many more that are just as good. It is hard to get enough actual hunting experience to prove anything, and wet news print is just not the real thing.
So, one cannot go wrong by choosing a Partition. They are completely reliable and provide, in all my guns, accuracy that is perfectly acceptable for hunting. For strictly deer and smaller, I prefer a little more expansion. I would not hesitate to start experimenting with a .300 WSM on deer by trying 165 gr. Partitions or Accubonds, but if it was my gun and I had nothing purchased yet, I would start with 180 grain Accubonds for deer.