As Cayugad mentioned; if you start with a lower charge and work up about 10gr at a time you should see groups start to tighten until you reach the maximum recommend charge for your rifle/bullet combo or until you see groups start to open back up- that's how you'll know when to stop. As for the primers, if it goes "boom" your good. If it goes "pop" then "boom" your primer isn't hot enough. With an inline shooting 209 style primers, which I believe yours is, you shouldn't have to worry about a primer being hot enough- it should go off just fine.
As for a "method to your madness"
I shoot sidelock, patched, round-ball rifles with real black powder. These have their own little procedures but an inline is very much like a metallic cartridge rifle in that you have a variety of projectiles to choose from and can use, not only real black powder, but any substitute powder you want.
I would recommend picking a powder and bullet combination first and, using a starting load of powder shoot a group and then work up 10gr at a time until you get the best group - then try a different primer and see which one shoots better. At this point you can start over with the same powder but a different bullet or use the same bullet but start over with a different powder. I wouldn't worry as much about trying different primers until you had found the most accurate powder/bullet combo first.